Scapulohumeral Rhythm: Understanding Shoulder Mechanics Under Load

The shoulder is the most mobile joint complex in the human body. Its ability to move freely in multiple planes is what enables pressing, pulling, reaching, and throwing—but this mobility demands finely tuned coordination between several anatomical structures. One of the most critical—and often underappreciated—of these is the scapulothoracic articulation.

When we talk about overhead pressing, benching, or any loaded upper-body movement, we must understand a key principle: scapulohumeral rhythm. This concept describes how the scapula and humerus work in concert, alongside the thorax, to create full, functional shoulder elevation. Without this rhythm, movement becomes dysfunctional, compensation increases, and injury risk skyrockets.